{"id":8812,"date":"2024-02-28T02:01:14","date_gmt":"2024-02-28T02:01:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wordpress-506718-3849576.cloudwaysapps.com\/fast-facts\/the-sacred-aztec-ball-game\/"},"modified":"2024-04-20T15:58:26","modified_gmt":"2024-04-20T15:58:26","slug":"juego-sagrado-de-la-pelota-azteca","status":"publish","type":"fast-facts","link":"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/informacion-general\/juego-sagrado-de-la-pelota-azteca\/","title":{"rendered":"Juego Sagrado de Pelota Mesoamericana Azteca"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-fd375e9e\">\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-image ultp-block-7a770f\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><figure class=\"ultp-image-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-image-block ultp-image-block-none\"><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"ultp-image\"  src=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/saced-aztec-ball-game-07.webp\" \/><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c8390916\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px;font-style:italic;font-weight:500\"><em>An Aztec Tlachtli warrior<\/em><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-98cf1aa9 alignwide\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-80a857ab alignwide\">\n\n<h3 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-39e30e86\"><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg version=\"1.0\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" height=\"100\" viewBox=\"0 0 75 74.999997\" zoomAndPan=\"magnify\" width=\"100\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><defs><clipPath id=\"fe9fbf78cd\"><path clip-rule=\"nonzero\" d=\"M 0.5 0.550781 L 74.550781 0.550781 L 74.550781 74.601562 L 0.5 74.601562 Z M 0.5 0.550781\"><\/path><\/clipPath><clipPath id=\"988d5c591b\"><path clip-rule=\"nonzero\" d=\"M 37.527344 0.550781 C 17.078125 0.550781 0.5 17.125 0.5 37.574219 C 0.5 58.023438 17.078125 74.601562 37.527344 74.601562 C 57.972656 74.601562 74.550781 58.023438 74.550781 37.574219 C 74.550781 17.125 57.972656 0.550781 37.527344 0.550781 Z M 37.527344 0.550781\"><\/path><\/clipPath><clipPath id=\"b445fdbbcd\"><path clip-rule=\"nonzero\" d=\"M 12.949219 12.996094 L 62.449219 12.996094 L 62.449219 62.496094 L 12.949219 62.496094 Z M 12.949219 12.996094\"><\/path><\/clipPath><\/defs><g clip-path=\"url(#fe9fbf78cd)\"><g clip-path=\"url(#988d5c591b)\"><path fill-rule=\"nonzero\" fill-opacity=\"1\" d=\"M 0.5 0.550781 L 74.550781 0.550781 L 74.550781 74.601562 L 0.5 74.601562 Z M 0.5 0.550781\" fill=\"#e7bb2b\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><g clip-path=\"url(#b445fdbbcd)\"><path fill-rule=\"nonzero\" fill-opacity=\"1\" d=\"M 37.523438 62.144531 C 23.972656 62.144531 12.949219 51.121094 12.949219 37.570312 C 12.949219 24.019531 23.972656 12.996094 37.523438 12.996094 C 51.070312 12.996094 62.097656 24.019531 62.097656 37.570312 C 62.097656 51.121094 51.070312 62.144531 37.523438 62.144531 Z M 37.523438 16.558594 C 25.933594 16.558594 16.507812 25.984375 16.507812 37.570312 C 16.507812 49.15625 25.933594 58.582031 37.523438 58.582031 C 49.105469 58.582031 58.535156 49.15625 58.535156 37.570312 C 58.535156 25.984375 49.105469 16.558594 37.523438 16.558594 Z M 37.523438 16.558594\" fill=\"#005193\"><\/path><\/g><path fill-rule=\"nonzero\" fill-opacity=\"1\" d=\"M 38.027344 50.324219 C 37.839844 50.25 37.636719 50.132812 37.636719 49.640625 C 37.636719 49.4375 37.667969 49.199219 37.738281 48.910156 L 40.84375 33.863281 C 40.914062 33.511719 40.949219 33.140625 40.949219 32.769531 C 40.949219 31.800781 40.648438 31.058594 40.058594 30.570312 C 38.730469 29.480469 36.414062 29.695312 32.554688 30.996094 L 32.179688 31.125 L 32.027344 33.066406 L 32.675781 33.066406 C 34.640625 33.066406 35.113281 33.21875 35.210938 33.265625 C 35.34375 33.328125 35.417969 33.402344 35.417969 33.625 C 35.417969 33.75 35.402344 33.886719 35.367188 34.039062 C 35.332031 34.246094 35.285156 34.480469 35.238281 34.734375 L 32.394531 48.554688 C 32.261719 49.25 32.195312 49.847656 32.195312 50.324219 C 32.195312 51.425781 32.511719 52.277344 33.132812 52.851562 C 33.742188 53.414062 34.574219 53.699219 35.609375 53.699219 C 36.820312 53.699219 38.449219 53.363281 40.578125 52.671875 L 40.960938 52.550781 L 41.113281 50.582031 L 40.472656 50.582031 C 39.011719 50.582031 38.339844 50.441406 38.027344 50.324219 Z M 38.027344 50.324219\" fill=\"#005193\"><\/path><path fill-rule=\"nonzero\" fill-opacity=\"1\" d=\"M 42.113281 22.289062 C 41.527344 21.730469 40.777344 21.445312 39.878906 21.445312 C 38.949219 21.445312 38.164062 21.75 37.546875 22.351562 C 36.921875 22.953125 36.601562 23.765625 36.601562 24.769531 C 36.601562 25.6875 36.90625 26.453125 37.5 27.046875 C 38.09375 27.644531 38.855469 27.945312 39.757812 27.945312 C 40.679688 27.945312 41.460938 27.625 42.082031 27 C 42.699219 26.371094 43.011719 25.558594 43.011719 24.578125 C 43.011719 23.621094 42.710938 22.851562 42.113281 22.289062 Z M 42.113281 22.289062\" fill=\"#005193\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"gb-headline-text\">Summary<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-b37bbc23 alignwide\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5c203624 alignfull\">\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Aztec ballgame, also known as ullamaliztli or tlachtli, was a long-lived and wide-ranging ballgame tradition in Mesoamerica.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The game was played on a tlachtli ball court, and the objective of the Aztec game was to pass a rubber ball through a stone hoop without using hands or feet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The ballgame remained important to cultures throughout Mesoamerica, including the Mixtec and the Aztec, who flourished in southern and central Mexico, respectively, in the centuries immediately prior to the arrival of the Spanish in 1519.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f64abe93\">\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The game was played with a solid rubber ball weighing around 10 pounds and teams of one to four people, and it was often accompanied by heavy betting.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The game was brutal and bloody, and sometimes the losers were sacrificed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The game is still played in isolated regions, and a form of the Aztec ball game is still played today, known as ulama.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e9feec75\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-table-of-content aligncenter ultp-block-e33492\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-block-toc\"><div class=\"ultp-toc-header\"><div class=\"ultp-toc-heading\">Table of Contents<\/div><div class=\"ultp-collapsible-toggle ultp-toggle-collapsed ultp-collapsible-right\"><a class=\"ultp-collapsible-icon ultp-collapsible-open\" href=\"javascript:;\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 34.1 19.95\"><path d=\"M32.05 19.949a2.041 2.041 0 0 1-1.45-.6L17.05 5.8 3.498 19.349a2.05 2.05 0 0 1-2.9-2.9l16.45-16.45 16.448 16.45a2.05 2.05 0 0 1-1.448 3.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"ultp-collapsible-icon ultp-collapsible-hide\" href=\"javascript:;\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 34.1 19.95\"><path d=\"M32.05 19.949a2.041 2.041 0 0 1-1.45-.6L17.05 5.8 3.498 19.349a2.05 2.05 0 0 1-2.9-2.9l16.45-16.45 16.448 16.45a2.05 2.05 0 0 1-1.448 3.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ultp-block-toc-style1 ultp-block-toc-body\" style=\"display:none;\"><ul class=\"ultp-toc-lists\"><li><a href=\"#Introduction\">Introduction<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Blood_that_renovates_life\">Blood that renovates life<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#The_Tlachco_or_Ball_Court,_a_sacred_space\">The Tlachco or Ball Court, a sacred space<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#FAQ\">FAQ<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><a href=\"#\" class=\"ultp-toc-backtotop tocshow\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 34.1 19.95\"><path d=\"M32.05 19.949a2.041 2.041 0 0 1-1.45-.6L17.05 5.8 3.498 19.349a2.05 2.05 0 0 1-2.9-2.9l16.45-16.45 16.448 16.45a2.05 2.05 0 0 1-1.448 3.5\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-56c17610\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-fe05d5f2\">\n<div  class=\"ultp-post-grid-block wp-block-ultimate-post-post-grid-2 ultp-block-a73f06 \"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\" ><div class=\"ultp-loading\"><div class=\"ultp-loading-blocks\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;\"><div style=\"left: 0;top: 0;animation-delay:0s;\"><\/div><div style=\"left: 21px;top: 0;animation-delay:0.125s;\"><\/div><div style=\"left: 42px;top: 0;animation-delay:0.25s;\"><\/div><div style=\"left: 0;top: 21px;animation-delay:0.875s;\"><\/div><div style=\"left: 42px;top: 21px;animation-delay:0.375s;\"><\/div><div style=\"left: 0;top: 42px;animation-delay:0.75s;\"><\/div><div style=\"left: 42px;top: 42px;animation-delay:0.625s;\"><\/div><div style=\"left: 21px;top: 42px;animation-delay:0.5s;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ultp-block-items-wrap ultp-block-row\"><div class=\"ultp-block-item post-id-7169\"><div class=\"ultp-block-content-wrap ultp-block-content-overlay\"><div class=\"ultp-block-image ultp-block-image-zoomOut ultp-block-image-overlay ultp-block-image-simgleGradient\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/informacion-general\/historia\/\" ><img decoding=\"async\"  loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Historia de Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, M\u00e9xico\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/panoramica-mirador-cerro-de-la-cruz-pv-02-870x570.webp\" \/><\/a><\/div><div class=\"ultp-block-content ultp-block-content-bottomPosition\"><div class=\"ultp-block-content-inner\"><h3 class=\"ultp-block-title \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/informacion-general\/historia\/\" >Historia de Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, M\u00e9xico<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ultp-block-item post-id-8485\"><div class=\"ultp-block-content-wrap ultp-block-content-overlay\"><div class=\"ultp-block-image ultp-block-image-zoomOut ultp-block-image-overlay ultp-block-image-simgleGradient\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/informacion-general\/colonias\/\" ><img decoding=\"async\"  loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Colonias de Puerto Vallarta\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/zona-romantica-26-scaled-1-870x570.webp\" \/><\/a><\/div><div class=\"ultp-block-content ultp-block-content-bottomPosition\"><div class=\"ultp-block-content-inner\"><h3 class=\"ultp-block-title \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/informacion-general\/colonias\/\" >Colonias de Puerto Vallarta<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ultp-block-item post-id-5588\"><div class=\"ultp-block-content-wrap ultp-block-content-overlay\"><div class=\"ultp-block-image ultp-block-image-zoomOut ultp-block-image-overlay ultp-block-image-simgleGradient\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/informacion-general\/acerca-de-puerto-vallarta\/\" ><img decoding=\"async\"  loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Malec\u00f3n y Calle Galeana centro de Puerto Vallarta\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/all-about-puerto-vallarta-centro-malecon-esquina-galeana-drone-870x570.webp\" \/><\/a><\/div><div class=\"ultp-block-content ultp-block-content-bottomPosition\"><div class=\"ultp-block-content-inner\"><h3 class=\"ultp-block-title \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/informacion-general\/acerca-de-puerto-vallarta\/\" >Acerca de Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, M\u00e9xico<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"ultp-block-item post-id-8399\"><div class=\"ultp-block-content-wrap ultp-block-content-overlay\"><div class=\"ultp-block-image ultp-block-image-zoomOut ultp-block-image-overlay ultp-block-image-simgleGradient\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/informacion-general\/biodiversidad-de-puerto-vallarta\/\" ><img decoding=\"async\"  loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"La impresionante biodiversidad de Puerto Vallarta\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/DSC_0930-870x570.webp\" \/><\/a><\/div><div class=\"ultp-block-content ultp-block-content-bottomPosition\"><div class=\"ultp-block-content-inner\"><h3 class=\"ultp-block-title \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/informacion-general\/biodiversidad-de-puerto-vallarta\/\" >La impresionante biodiversidad de Puerto Vallarta<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"pagination-block-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" id=\"Introduction\">Introduction<\/h2>\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-30aeb9e2 alignwide\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><em>By Felipe Sol\u00eds<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Spanish king, Charles V (Carlos V), and his court must have been completely stunned when a group of Aztec ball players from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/fast-facts\/mexico-information-traditions-more\">Mexico<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 whose lands had recently been conquered in the the king\u2019s name in the early 16th century \u2013 demonstrated their ability to hit a rubber ball with their hips. It was Hernando Cort\u00e9s, the conqueror of the Aztec empire, who, on one of his return trips to the Spanish Peninsula, took these players with him, causing great admiration among the Europeans of the time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The public, unaccustomed to a public spectacle of half-naked bodies, could easily appreciate the muscular contractions in the bodies of these players, since their only attire was their maxtlatl \u2013 the loincloth traditionally used by men \u2013 and leather protectors for their buttocks, knees and ankles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition to their movements, which were both elegant and virile, spectators were impressed by the speed and force of the rebound of these spherical objects made of rubber, a material native to the Americas, unknown until then in the Old World, where the balls were made of rags or leather, which made them slow and heavy.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-eef4feb8\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-8fdb0cf7\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-essential-blocks-advanced-video\"><div class=\"eb-parent-wrapper eb-parent-eb-advanced-video-8nqkc8s \"><div class=\"eb-advanced-video-wrapper eb-advanced-video-8nqkc8s none\" data-id=\"eb-advanced-video-8nqkc8s\"><div class=\"eb-player-wrapper eb-advanced-video-8nqkc8s\"><div class=\"eb-player-option none right\" data-id=\"eb-advanced-video-8nqkc8s\" data-url=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=VYcWs7qJeCI\" data-option=\"none\" data-controls=\"false\" data-loop=\"false\" data-muted=\"false\" data-playing=\"false\" data-overlay=\"false\" data-light=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/plugins\/essential-blocks\/assets\/images\/adv-video-placeholder.png\" data-customplayicontype=\"image\" data-customplayiconlib=\"fas fa-play-circle\" data-customplayicon=\"true\" data-playicon=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/plugins\/essential-blocks\/assets\/images\/adv-video-playicon.svg\" data-download=\"false\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-bdfcfda2 alignwide\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What these men were playing is what we call Prehispanic ball game or ulama, the Aztec word derived from ollin, which means movement, struggle, and union of opposites, which in turn is derived from the root ulli or rubber. Other names for this game are tlachtli and pok-ta-pok, depending on the area where it is played.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-d2aac1da\">\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-image ultp-block-a704b2\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><figure class=\"ultp-image-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-image-block ultp-image-block-none\"><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"ultp-image\"  src=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/saced-aztec-ball-game-03.webp\" \/><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c55d7845\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px;font-style:italic;font-weight:500\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/saced-aztec-ball-game-03.jpg\">Sacred Ball Game figures<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" id=\"Blood_that_renovates_life\">Blood that renovates life<\/h2>\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-67dbbd3c alignwide\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although on occasions the ball game was played only as a sport or for entertainment, from ancient times the ulama had a predominantly ritual divination purpose. It was used to divine the Sun\u2019s destiny, in order to guarantee the preservation of the cosmic and universal order.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Death by sacrifice was integrated into the symbolism of Pre-Hispanic religion and cosmogony and was an essential part of some of ancient Mexicans\u2019 sacred rituals. In these rites, the blood that was spilled became an element that contributed to fighting the adverse forces of the gods of darkness. The ball symbolized the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/?p=632\">Sun<\/a>, whereas the players represented stellar beings. In this ritual, the two teams -each with one to seven men- confronted each other, some supporting the movement of the Sun, others trying to stop it. The player who made a movement contrary to the course the ball should have \u2013same as that of the Sun- was decapitated so as to, with his death, avert the fatal occurrence of the extinction of the Sun and, with it, the end of the Universe.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-fbf1c429\">\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-image ultp-block-8834ce\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><figure class=\"ultp-image-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-image-block ultp-image-block-none\"><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"ultp-image\"  src=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/saced-aztec-ball-game-02.webp\" \/><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-81105a38\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px;font-style:italic;font-weight:500\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/saced-aztec-ball-game-02.jpg\">Spanish documents on the players<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a5d3ba41 alignwide\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But the symbolism of the ball game wad, with it, the end of darkness. It was also a propitiatory fertility ritual: the blood of the decapitated player represented rain, the precious liquid that nourished the fields and allowed plants to strive and, therefore, men to be fed and life to continue. Because of this, at the end of the sacred\u00a0<em>ulama,<\/em>\u00a0there were neither victorious nor vanquished teams: the decapitated players didn\u2019t ever lose because their sacrifice was considered an honour since, after all, it meant the triumph of the cosmic order.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" id=\"The_Tlachco_or_Ball_Court,_a_sacred_space\">The Tlachco or Ball Court, a sacred space<\/h2>\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-d17fd29f alignwide\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although present-day ulama players can play in open areas or esplanades and before any type of audience, in Pre-Hispanic times this ritual\u2019s symbolism necessarily required a sacred and closed space that reproduced the celestial setting where the solar movement took place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some researchers believe that the ball game originated among the Olmecs -the first inhabitants of the Gulf of Mexico\u2019s coasts, in approximately 1500 B.C. However, in none of the great Olmec cities of Veracruz or Tabasco has there yet been found any vestiges of ball courts, the most significant evidence of the presence of this ritual sport. The oldest known ulama court was found in Chiapas and has been dated between the year 600 B.C. and 100 A.D. From this time and up until the European conquest, at the beginning of the Sixteenth Century. in all of the territory known as Mesoam\u00e9rica (which stretches from northwestern Mexico down to Central America) the generalized practice of the ball game required a specific architectural structure.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-14e88349\">\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-image ultp-block-cb8e93\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><figure class=\"ultp-image-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-image-block ultp-image-block-none\"><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"ultp-image\"  src=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/saced-aztec-ball-game-04.webp\" \/><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c7b15d24\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px;font-style:italic;font-weight:500\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/saced-aztec-ball-game-04.jpg\">The Tlachco or Ball Court<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a7a5a257 alignwide\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In general terms, this structure consisted of a large patio with a peculiar shape that brings to mind the capital letter \u201cI\u201d, or perhaps two \u201cT\u201d\u2018s joined at the base, in such a way that it has a narrow midsection and two wider ends called\u00a0<em>cabezales<\/em>\u00a0or headers. Although this is the basic structure of the majority of the ulama courts, they can be found in many variants and sizes throughout the Mesoamerican territory: some are sunk in relation to the floor where the spectators watch the game; others are level with the plazas. But all of them have inclined walls, or taludes, and vertical surfaces. Embedded in some of these walls are great rings of stone upon which the ball should bounce or pass through, which made the game very spectacular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The presence of sculptured elements, such as the above-mentioned rings, markers on the ground, niches, walkways and high reliefs, allow the ritual and symbolic sense of each one of these courts to be identified.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-72f4839a\">\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-image ultp-block-d1c4d4\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><figure class=\"ultp-image-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-image-block ultp-image-block-none\"><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"ultp-image\"  src=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/saced-aztec-ball-game-08.webp\" \/><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-513270b9\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px;font-style:italic;font-weight:500\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/saced-aztec-ball-game-08.jpg\">Ulama, the Sacred Ball Game<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f87532f4 alignwide\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the area belonging to the present-day state of Oaxaca, for example, the most well-known ball courts, such as the ones in Monte Alb\u00e1n, Dainz\u00fa and Yagul, have the peculiarity of lacking stone rings; some have niches in the cabezales and circular disks in the patio, upon which the balls were thought to have been bounced. It seems strange, on the other hand, that in Teotihuac\u00e1n, the City of the Gods (in Mexico\u2019s Central Plateau), no ulama courts have yet been discovered. However, the mural paintings of the Palace of Tepantitla portray both the players and the sacrificial rituals associated with this activity, and in the nearby La Ventilla area, a beautiful ulama marker has been found.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The archaeological sites of Tula, Xochicalco in Central Mexico, show that since 700 A.D. the particularity of this ritual sport was the presence of huge stone rings embedded in the walls that rest upon the taludes. This indicates that the game required the players to make the ball go through the ring, hitting it with their hips. In Tula, these rings were decorated with reliefs of undulating serpents and the walkway with the images of warriors, elements which strongly link this city, capital of Quetzalc\u00f3atl, the Aztec\u2019s main god, with the Mayans of the Yucat\u00e1n Peninsula.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f4c0031d\">\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-image ultp-block-3e7bb1\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><figure class=\"ultp-image-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-image-block ultp-image-block-none\"><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"ultp-image\"  src=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/saced-aztec-ball-game-05.webp\" \/><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-0ea7b75b\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px;font-style:italic;font-weight:500\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/saced-aztec-ball-game-05.jpg\">Sacred Ball Game players<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-813f5441 alignwide\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mexico-Tenochtitlan, the center of the Aztec empire, had numerous courts for this ritual sport, the largest of them in the Templo Mayor. The inhabitants of El Taj\u00edn, on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, for their part, erected many courts (seventeen) in their city, the same as the people of Toluquilla and Ranas, in the Quer\u00e9taro mountain area, and those of Cantona. in Puebla. It is notable that the main court in El Taj\u00edn has, as significant elements, six magnificent reliefs that associate this ceremony with the worship of pulque, and depict the crowning moment of a player\u2019s decapitation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The cult of the ball game in these archaeological sites surely surpasses its practice in other Mesoamerican regions. If today these archaeological sites, with their many ball courts, still strongly impress us, imagine what it would have been like in their time of splendour, with this ritual sport being played simultaneously. with all its paraphernalia, in different ulama courts.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c58f4b08\">\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-image ultp-block-5c9556\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><figure class=\"ultp-image-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-image-block ultp-image-block-none\"><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"ultp-image\"  src=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/saced-aztec-ball-game-06.webp\" \/><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-aed9e0c8\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px;font-style:italic;font-weight:500\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/saced-aztec-ball-game-06.jpg\">Sacred Ball Game Player<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6a213f73 alignwide\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Without a doubt, the Mayan area in the Yucat\u00e1n Peninsula is where the largest number of ball courts has been found. There is practically no site in all of this extensive area where at least one structure dedicated to this mythical ritual sport wasn\u2019t built.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Of all of them, the Great Ballcourt in Chich\u00e9n Itz\u00e1, Yucat\u00e1n, built around the year 900 A.D., is the most spectacular. both because of its great dimensions and its well-preserved construction and sculptures. This architectural complex boasts, among others, the Temple of the North Cabezal, where phallic cults are depicted, and the Temple of the Jaguar, with its descending serpents, associated with the itzaes\u2019 military victories. The rings or markers in this ball court have the shape of two undulating plumed serpents, associated with Kukulc\u00e1n, the Mayan representation of the Aztec god Quetzalc\u00f3atl.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-52a9e7a1\">\n<div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-image ultp-block-9391f9\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><figure class=\"ultp-image-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-image-block ultp-image-block-none\"><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"ultp-image\"  src=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/saced-aztec-ball-game-09.webp\" \/><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-fe6b0946\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px;font-style:italic;font-weight:500\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/saced-aztec-ball-game-09.jpg\">A decapitated player &amp; beams of serpents<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-1366eb69 alignwide\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The reliefs on the walkways particularly stand out: they portray richly dressed players and the decapitation of one of them as a final offering to the creation of the Universe, which is why the blood which bursts from his neck is transformed into a beam of serpents, a fertility symbol par excellence. That is why the flowering plant that, as a climbing vine, also emerges from the decapitated man\u2019s neck and covers the background, alludes to the main significance of this ceremony: the blood that was spilled in sacrifice nourishes the earth, thus allowing the continuity of life in the Universe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Game, sport, or ritual: ulama symbolizes the sacred movement, vital and transcendent. It is the life that is transformed into death to perpetuate life; it is man\u2019s blood that fertilizes the earth and wards off the spectre of hunger, allowing the continuity of human existence on earth and preventing the darkness of night from forever taking over the world.<br\/>Although the game of Ulama has been slowly disappearing since the Spanish Conquest, today we are fortunate to find that it is being recovered in various Mexican regions. The state of Sinaloa has the great merit of having kept the game alive until our days, spreading it to faraway regions such as the state of Quintana Roo, where it is played in Xcaret Park in various modalities and with courts constructed expressly for this purpose, for the good fortune and enjoyment of all those who visit.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-05f700a9 alignwide\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/fast-facts\/mexico-information-traditions-more\">More on Mexico<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" id=\"FAQ\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-27790dc1\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-3486e36e\">\n<section id='' \n                class='helpie-faq accordions faq-toggle custom-styles' \n                data-collection='' \n                data-pagination='0' \n                data-search='0' \n                data-pagination-enabled='0'\n                role='region'\n                aria-label='FAQ Section'\n                aria-live='polite'><article class=\"accordion \"><div class='helpie-faq-row'><div class='helpie-faq-col helpie-faq-col-12' ><ul><li class=\"accordion__item \"><div class=\"accordion__header \" \r\n                id=\"accordion-header-post-32993\"\r\n                role=\"button\"\r\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\r\n                aria-controls=\"accordion-content-post-32993\"\r\n                data-id=\"post-32993\" \r\n                data-item=\"hfaq-post-32993\" data-slug=\"es-bonito-el-centro-de-puerto-vallarta\" \r\n                style=\"background:#005edc;\" \r\n                data-tags=\"\"\r\n                tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"accordion__title\">\u00bfEs bonito el centro de Puerto Vallarta?<\/div><\/div><div id=\"accordion-content-post-32993\" \r\n                class=\"accordion__body\" \r\n                role=\"region\"\r\n                aria-labelledby=\"accordion-header-post-32993\"\r\n                style=\"background:#FCFCFC;\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00ed, el <a href=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/que-hacer\/atractivos-del-centro-de-puerto-vallarta\/\">centro de Puerto Vallarta<\/a> es una zona excepcionalmente bonita y popular, famosa por su vibrante mezcla de encanto hist\u00f3rico mexicano y un animado ambiente de ciudad costera. Cuenta con un pintoresco centro hist\u00f3rico con calles empedradas, edificios coloridos y la emblem\u00e1tica <a href=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/que-hacer\/iglesia-de-nuestra-senora-de-guadalupe\/\">Parroquia de Nuestra Se\u00f1ora de Guadalupe<\/a>. El centro se funde a la perfecci\u00f3n con el pintoresco <a href=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/que-hacer\/malecon-de-vallarta\/\">Malec\u00f3n<\/a>, un hermoso paseo mar\u00edtimo bordeado de fascinantes esculturas, tiendas y restaurantes, lo que lo hace perfecto para pasear y disfrutar de las impresionantes vistas al mar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La zona ofrece una excelente variedad de restaurantes, desde locales de lujo hasta aut\u00e9ntica comida callejera, adem\u00e1s de fant\u00e1sticas tiendas y galer\u00edas de arte. Junto al centro principal, al sur del R\u00edo Cuale, se encuentra la popular <a href=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/que-hacer\/zona-romantica\/\">Zona Rom\u00e1ntica<\/a>, conocida por su ambiente moderno y su animada vida nocturna. Todo el centro de la ciudad se considera seguro y es muy f\u00e1cil de recorrer a pie, lo que permite a los visitantes explorar f\u00e1cilmente su cautivadora mezcla de cultura, gastronom\u00eda y belleza costera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Consejo: para vivir una experiencia inolvidable, dir\u00edjase al Malec\u00f3n o a cualquier lugar frente al mar unos 30 minutos antes de la puesta de sol para contemplar la espectacular <a href=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/que-hacer\/puestas-de-sol-puerto-vallarta\/\">puesta de sol<\/a> sobre la bah\u00eda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"accordion__item \"><div class=\"accordion__header \" \r\n                id=\"accordion-header-post-5395\"\r\n                role=\"button\"\r\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\r\n                aria-controls=\"accordion-content-post-5395\"\r\n                data-id=\"post-5395\" \r\n                data-item=\"hfaq-post-5395\" data-slug=\"what-is-considered-old-town-in-puerto-vallarta\" \r\n                style=\"background:#005edc;\" \r\n                data-tags=\"\"\r\n                tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"accordion__title\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 se considera \"Old Town\" en Puerto Vallarta?<\/div><\/div><div id=\"accordion-content-post-5395\" \r\n                class=\"accordion__body\" \r\n                role=\"region\"\r\n                aria-labelledby=\"accordion-header-post-5395\"\r\n                style=\"background:#FCFCFC;\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lo que en ingl\u00e9s consideran el Old Town es lo que en espa\u00f1ol es conocido como la Zona Rom\u00e1ntica, se considera uno de los sectores m\u00e1s activos de Puerto Vallarta. Se caracteriza por sus pintorescas calles empedradas, sus edificios de estilo &#8220;Vallarta&#8221; y fachadas blancas, sus techos de tejas rojas y una inquieta y colorida mezcla de tiendas, galer\u00edas, restaurantes y bares. Enclavada entre las monta\u00f1as de la Sierra Madre y la Bah\u00eda de Banderas, la Zona Rom\u00e1ntica tiene el encanto de un pueblo mexicano tradicional, con su arquitectura vallartense y su ritmo m\u00e1s lento en comparaci\u00f3n con el resto de Puerto Vallarta. Su ambiente rom\u00e1ntico se debe a la belleza natural de la zona, sus caf\u00e9s al aire libre y sus encantadoras tiendas y negocios. Old Town ofrece a los visitantes el sabor de un aut\u00e9ntico barrio mexicano.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/article><\/section>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-0a94b8cf\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5f85b37c\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div  class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-image ultp-block-e2bf80\"><div class=\"ultp-block-wrapper\"><figure class=\"ultp-image-block-wrapper\"><div class=\"ultp-image-block ultp-image-block-none\"><img decoding=\"async\"  class=\"ultp-image\"  alt=\"Image Not Found\"  src=\"https:\/\/puertovallarta.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/tours-banner-pvnet-23-1.jpg\" \/><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong><strong>Reserva tours y 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4.1 24 19.922 19.922 0 0 1 24 4.1M24 0a24 24 0 1 0 24 24A24 24 0 0 0 24 0\"><\/path><path d=\"M20.333 32.836a2.258 2.258 0 0 1-1.6-.664l-6.179-6.178a2.05 2.05 0 0 1 2.9-2.9l4.885 4.884 12.217-12.216a2.05 2.05 0 0 1 2.9 2.9l-13.51 13.51a2.259 2.259 0 0 1-1.6.664\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"ultp-list-title\">100% Soporte local<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"wp-block-ultimate-post-list ultp-block-31a255\"><div class=\"ultp-list-content\"><div class=\"ultp-listicon-bg\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 48 48\"><g><path d=\"M24 4.1A19.9 19.9 0 1 1 4.1 24 19.922 19.922 0 0 1 24 4.1M24 0a24 24 0 1 0 24 24A24 24 0 0 0 24 0\"><\/path><path d=\"M20.333 32.836a2.258 2.258 0 0 1-1.6-.664l-6.179-6.178a2.05 2.05 0 0 1 2.9-2.9l4.885 4.884 12.217-12.216a2.05 2.05 0 0 1 2.9 2.9l-13.51 13.51a2.259 2.259 0 0 1-1.6.664\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"ultp-list-title\">2+ d\u00e9cadas de experiencia en 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2026<\/span><\/div><h3 class=\"ultp-block-title \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/informacion-general\/aeropuerto-puerto-vallarta\/traslados-aeropuerto-puerto-vallarta\/\" target=\"_blank\">Gu\u00eda de traslados del Aeropuerto de Puerto Vallarta<\/a><\/h3><div class=\"ultp-block-readmore\"><a aria-label=\"Gu\u00eda de traslados del Aeropuerto de Puerto Vallarta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/informacion-general\/aeropuerto-puerto-vallarta\/traslados-aeropuerto-puerto-vallarta\/\" target=\"_blank\">Leer m\u00e1s<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n  <path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" d=\"m9 18 6-6-6-6\"\/>\n<\/svg>\n<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"pagination-block-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An Aztec Tlachtli warrior Summary Introduction By Felipe Sol\u00eds The Spanish king, Charles V (Carlos V), and his court must have been completely stunned when a group of Aztec ball players from\u00a0Mexico\u00a0\u2013 whose lands had recently been conquered in the the king\u2019s name in the early 16th century \u2013 demonstrated their ability to hit a &#8230; <a title=\"Juego Sagrado de Pelota Mesoamericana Azteca\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.puertovallarta.net\/espanol\/informacion-general\/juego-sagrado-de-la-pelota-azteca\/\" aria-label=\"Leer m\u00e1s sobre Juego Sagrado de Pelota Mesoamericana Azteca\">Averigua m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8802,"parent":0,"template":"","categories":[130,250],"tags":[326,281,631],"class_list":["post-8812","fast-facts","type-fast-facts","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arte-y-cultura","category-historia","tag-historia","tag-historic-sites-cultural-heritage","tag-pv-mexico-culture"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Juego Sagrado de Pelota Mesoamericana Azteca - Puerto Vallarta Net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Spanish King Carlos V and his court were amazed when a group of ball players from Mexico demonstrated their ability to hit a rubber ball with their hips\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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